Ageing successfully without high levels of disability is becoming more important as the life expectancy of Australians continues to increase slowly, and more older people are surviving into late old age. There are many disease conditions that are more prevalent in older age including dementia, osteoporosis, and frailty. These result in high levels of disability, and preventing or mitigating the effects of these conditions can markedly improve independence and quality of life in older age. The presence of frailty has a greater effect on outcomes for older people after surgery, trauma, stroke or infection than age alone, yet its presence is often unrecognised. Dementia is also often a hidden problem despite the fact that at 80 years of age, one in four people will have it. This presentation reviews evidence for what can be done in terms of prevention, recognition, and management of frailty, and discusses how to address the modifiable risk factors that account for 40% of all cases of dementia. It will summarise actions that can be taken to improve the ability of older Australians to age successfully.